What is micro Kernel

The functionality of the kernel is broken down into separate processes,usually called servers. Ideally,only the servers absolutelyrequiring such capabilities run in a privileged execution mode. The rest of the servers run in user-space. All the servers,though,are separated into different address spaces. Therefore,direct function invocation as in monolithic kernels is not possible. Instead, microkernels communicate via message passing: An interprocess communication (IPC) mechanism is built into the system,and the various servers communicate with and invoke “services” from each other by sending messages overthe IPC mechanism.

What is Monolithic kernel

Monolithic kernels are the simpler design.  All kernels were designed in this manner until the 1980s. Monolithic kernels are implemented entirely as a single process running in a single address space. All kernel services exist and execute in the large kernel address space. Communication within the kernel is trivial because everything runs in kernel mode in the same address space: The kernel can invoke functions directly,as a user-space application might. Proponents of this model cite the simplicity and performance of the monolithic approach. MostUnixsystems are monolithic in design.

High Efficiency Video Coding( HEVC )

High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) is a video compression standard, a successor to H.264/MPEG-4 AVC (Advanced Video Coding), that was jointly developed by the ISO/IEC Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) and ITU-T Video Coding Experts Group (VCEG).

HEVC is said to double the data compression ratio compared to H.264/MPEG-4 AVC at the same level of video quality. It can alternatively be used to provide substantially improved video quality at the same bit rate. It can support 8K UHD and resolutions up to 8192x4320.

The first version of the standard was completed and published in early 2013. Several extensions to the technology remain under active development, including range extensions (supporting enhanced video formats), scalable coding extensions, and 3D video extensions.

What is the state of the processor, when a process is waiting for some event to occur?

When a process is waiting for some event to take place, most likely for the needy resources to be relased by other process or processes that are currently utilizing the resources, such as an I/O device, it is at a blocked state. Upon the availability of waited resources, after the resources being relased, the process will transit to a ready state from this blocked state.

What is Deadlock?

Deadlock is a situation in which the processes waits for the other resource which is occupied by another process in a loop for example take processes P1 and P2 and resources R1 and R2 in the deadlock condition,

• P1 -R1 waits for R2
• P2 -R2 waits for R1 so 

both processes waits for the other resource to get free for their complete operation. In such cases - One can avoid deadlocks by following methods
1) Prevention
2) Detection
3) Avoidance
4) Recovery